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来源：
公元前3世纪:埃拉托色尼测量地球的直径
http://www.briitannica.com/ebchecked/topic/191064/eratosthenes-of-屈法
http://www.phy6.org/stargaze/scolumb.htm#q1.
http://mathdl.maa.org/mathDL/46/?pa=content&sa=viewDocument&nodeId=646&pf=1
2世纪BCE：Hipparchus近似到月球距离
测量宇宙：http://goo.gl/MqiSw
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00329826?LI=true#page-1
http://www.briitannica.com/ebchecked/topic/266559/hipparchus/229468/solar-and-lunar-theory.
1672年:吉安·多梅尼科·卡西尼撕开了太阳系到土星的长度范围
天空的盲人观察者：http://goo.gl/6S3IV
http://www.badastronomy.com/mad/1999/earthsun.html.
https://eee.uci.edu/clients/bjbecker/ExploringtheCosmos/lecture16.html
http://www.universetoday.com/44527/saturns-distance-from-the-sun/
http://www.universetoday.com/15311/how-far-is-saturn-from-earth/
1838年:弗里德里希·贝塞尔首次测量太阳以外的恒星
测量宇宙
视差:http://goo.gl/9JTwc
http://earthsky.org/bightest-stars/61-cygni-suns-near-neighbor.
http://www.britannica.com/ebchecked/topic/63040/friedrich-wilhelm-bessel.]
1913年:埃纳尔·赫茨普隆测量到附近星系的距离
宇宙的年龄有多大：http://goo.gl/gvrdb.]
测量的星光：http://goo.gl/7gy4P
http://www.institute-of-brilliant-failures.com/section1.htm
1924年：Edwin Hubble测量到Andromeda的距离，最近的螺旋星系
Alan Hirshfeld：http://www.umassd.edu/engineering/phy/people/facultyandstaff/alanwhirshfeld/
宇宙的年龄有多大
https://www.spacetelescope.org/about/history/the_man_behind_the_name/
http://www.universetoday.com/30716/Distance-To-DoRomeda/
http://cosmology.carnegiescience.edu/timeline/1929
http://www.aip.org/history/cosmology/ideas/island.htm
1929年：哈勃找到了更多遥远的星系和宇宙扩张的证据
Alan Hirshfeld.
http://apod.nasa.gov/diamond_jubilee/d_1996/hub_1929.html.
埃德温·哈勃:星云水手：http://goo.gl/JnV9b
http://www.astro.yale.edu/obey/cgi-bin/catalog.cgi?n584
膨胀的宇宙:天文学的“大辩论”，1900-1931：http://goo.gl/pBNU9
http://apod.nasa.gov/diamond_jubilee/1996/hum_1929.html.
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=ngc+7619>
1952年：沃尔特Baade通过重新解释星距离加倍已知宇宙的大小
Alan Hirshfeld.
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/sept03/sandage/sandage5_2.html.
https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~dfabricant/huchra/hubble/
http://www.institute-of-brilliant-failures.com/section2.htm
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/sept03/sandage/sandage2_2.html.
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1956AJ...61...97H/0000112.000.html
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1936ApJ...83...10H/0000022.000.html
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept04/Stern/Stern1.html
1965年:射电望远镜发现了遥远的类星体
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cosmocalc.html.
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept04/Shields/Shields3.html
http://www.math.kth.se/~lang/distance.htm.
http://goo.gl/q0cte.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1965ApJ...141.1295S
http://www.space.com/20244-quasar-mystery-discoverer-interview.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maarten_Schmidt
2012年:哈勃超深场展示了宇宙初期的星系
伊桑-西格:http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1219/
http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/cosmology/2012/48/text/
